Value, face or court cards count 10 each, and an Ace counts either 1 or 11 at the option of its holder. For this purpose numerals Two to Ten count at face Suits are irrelevant only face values count. The basic essentials of the game, albeit subject to elaborations and variations, are as follows. Or perhaps this is not so surprising afterĪll, though, as the hallmark of any simple gaming idea is that its very simplicity allows of creative variations of individualĭetail. Gambling equipment distributor, but acknowledges only hearsay evidence for his assertion.Ī major problem in describing Twenty-One to anyone who doesn't already know it, such as a Martian emerging from a life-longĬoma, is that, despite its basic simplicity, it is played in so many different ways. John Scarne claimed thatĪs early as 1919 the inscription "Blackjack pays odds of 3 to 2" was to be found on felt table layouts supplied by a Chicago Sounds plausible and is often repeated, though no one has yet offered any documentary evidence for it. Lie with a particular casino that paid extra for a natural consisting specifically of the spade Ace and a black Jack - which In America the name Vingt-(et)-un was replaced by Blackjack early in the 20th century. Pontoon remains the name of the informal and domestic British game, and, as a two-card countĬalled a pontoon, the term has come to be used for a prison term of 21 months (or years, if you're not careful). In other words, the officers played Bridge, while the "poor bloody infantry' With a temporary device for crossing a river. This also sounds like a corruption of an English pronunciation of Vingt-(et)-un, via something like "vontoon" īut, as there is no normal process by which a V becomes a P, we may suspect the intrusion of some sort of jocular association Hardly have survived much into the 20th century, as the name by which it has been best known in Britain since the First World The Oxford English Dictionary describes this as university slang, but it can Such a way as to be occasionally spelt Van John. In BritainĪnd Ameria it was played under its French name throughout the 19th century, though at some time in England it was pronounced in Recorded in the 18th century under the name Vingt-Un or Vingt-et-Un, showing it to be of French provenance.
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Performed by the automatic and impersonal "dealer" of Blackjack slot-machines, computer software and online casinos. This gives the house a permanent advantage, which is offset to some extent by the fact that the casinoĭealer has no choice of play but must follow house rules as to when to stand or draw more cards. In casino play, the house puts up the bank and a house employee Hand, or can be purchased by a player off the current dealer. In domestic or informal circles the bank rotates among the players, or is awarded to a player dealt a particular winning In Twenty-One, as in most banking games, the dealer has the inbuilt advantage of being accorded a win in the case of tied (notably that elusive concept of "bluff") than on the luck of the draw and playing in accordance with the Vying games, like Poker, where the dealer is just one of the players and the outcome depends more on player interaction
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That is, one in which the players all play against a single player,Ĭalled the dealer, who also deals, rather thanĪll against one another, so it's more like a series of simultaneous two-player games. I will refer to it by its traditionalĪnd generic name "Twenty-One", except where I specifically mean the modern casino version. We'll start by defining some terms and describing the simplest form of the game. Is well-known for its popularity with university students and the armed forces of all the western nations. Private, domestic and even family circles, with children playing for matchsticks or paper-clips, and in between these levels it
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This doesn't make Blackjack uniquely a casino game. The advent of on-line gaming can only have expanded its Most of us it's more like hard work than real play.ĭespite the player's theoretical edge, most people lack the patience or ability to do the calculations, so the game remainsĮqually popular with casinos, who do very nicely out of it, thank you. So - provided you have the time and patience for complicated card-counting - you can play it at a profit, though for Deep down, it's one of the few casino banking games that a dedicated player can join in with something of an edge, On the surface it's a simple game: a child can pick it up in less thanĪ minute. The reasons for its popularity are not hard to find. In fact, if you count its immediate ancestor Thirty-One as being essentially the same thing, it goes back more Furthermore, in one form or another, and under various alternative names, it has been so for nigh Ancient but flourishing family of card gamesīlackjack is the casino version of the game formerly known as Twenty-One and in that capacity is probably the most popular
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